UHlaziyo oluMgangatho loMkhuseli we-UL 1449: IiMfuno eziTsha zoVavanyo lweSicelo seNdawo esimanzi

Funda malunga nohlaziyo lwe-UL 1449 Surge Protective Devices (SPDs) umgangatho, wongeza iimfuno zovavanyo lweemveliso kwiindawo ezifumileyo, ikakhulu usebenzisa iimvavanyo zobushushu kunye nokufuma rhoqo.Funda ukuba yintoni umkhuseli wotyando, kwaye yintoni indawo emanzi.

Abakhuseli bokutya (i-Surge Protective Devices, SPDs) baye bahlala bethathwa njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo yokukhusela izixhobo zombane.Banokuthintela ukuhla kwamandla aqokelelweyo kunye nokuguquguquka kwamandla, ukuze izixhobo ezikhuselweyo zingonakali ngenxa yokothuka kwamandla ngequbuliso.Umkhuseli wokunyuka unokuba sisixhobo esipheleleyo esenziwe ngokuzimeleyo, okanye sinokuthi siyilwe njengenxalenye kwaye sifakwe kwisixhobo sombane senkqubo yamandla.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, abakhuseli botyando basetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa bahlala bebaluleke kakhulu xa kuziwa kwimisebenzi yokhuseleko.Umgangatho we-UL 1449 yimfuneko eqhelekileyo ukuba iingcali zanamhlanje ziqhelene nazo xa befaka isicelo sokufikelela kwimarike.

Ngokunyuka kobunzima bezixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kumashishini amaninzi nangakumbi, afana nezibane zesitalato ze-LED, umzila kaloliwe, i-5G, i-photovoltaics kunye ne-automotive electronics, ukusetyenziswa kunye nophuhliso lwabakhuseli botyando lukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imigangatho yoshishino nayo iyafuneka. ukuhambelana namaxesha kwaye uhlale uhlaziyiwe.

Inkcazo ngemekobume efumileyo

Ingaba i-NFPA 70 ye-National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) okanye i-National Electrical Code® (NEC), "indawo emanzi" ichazwe ngokucacileyo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Iindawo ezikhuselweyo kwimozulu kwaye azilawulwa kukugcwala kwamanzi okanye olunye ulwelo kodwa zixhomekeke kumaqondo aphakathi okufuma.

Ngokukodwa, iintente, iiveranda ezivulekileyo, kunye namagumbi angaphantsi okanye iindawo zokugcina iifriji, njl., Ziindawo "eziphantsi komswakama ophakathi" kwikhowudi.

Xa umkhuseli wokunyuka (ofana ne-varistor) efakwe kwimveliso yokugqibela, kunokwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokuba imveliso yokugqibela ifakwe okanye isetyenziswe kwindawo enokufuma okuguquguqukayo, kwaye kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba kwindawo efumileyo enjalo, ukunyuka. umkhuseli Ukuba inokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko kwindawo jikelele.

IiMfuno zoVavanyo lokuSebenza kweMveliso kwindawo efumileyo

Imigangatho emininzi ifuna ngokucacileyo ukuba iimveliso kufuneka ziphumelele uthotho lovavanyo lokuthembeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngexesha lomjikelo wobomi bemveliso, njengobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokufuma okuphezulu, ukothuka kwe-thermal, ukungcangcazela kunye nokulahla izinto zovavanyo.Kwiimvavanyo ezibandakanya iindawo ezifumileyo ezifaniswayo, ubushushu obungaguqukiyo kunye novavanyo lokufuma luya kusetyenziswa njengolona vavanyo luphambili, ngakumbi i-85 ° C ubushushu / 85% ukufuma (okwaziwa ngokuba "luvavanyo oluphindwe kabini lwe-85") kunye ne-40 ° C ubushushu / 93 % Ukufuma Indibaniselwano kwezi seti zimbini zeeparamitha.

Uvavanyo oluqhubekayo lobushushu kunye nokufuma lujolise ekukhawuleziseni ubomi bemveliso ngeendlela zovavanyo.Iyakwazi ukuvavanya kakuhle ukukwazi ukuguga kwemveliso, kubandakanywa nokuqwalasela ukuba imveliso ineempawu zobomi obude kunye nelahleko ephantsi kwindawo ekhethekileyo.

Senze uphando lwemibuzo kwishishini, kwaye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba inani elikhulu labavelisi bemveliso yesiphelo benza iimfuno zovavanyo lobushushu kunye nokufuma kwezikhuseli zotyando kunye namacandelo asetyenziswa ngaphakathi, kodwa umgangatho we-UL 1449 ngelo xesha wawungenawo. ehambelanayo Ke ngoko, umenzi kufuneka enze iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo yedwa emva kokufumana isatifikethi se-UL 1449;kwaye ukuba ingxelo yesiqinisekiso somntu wesithathu iyafuneka, ukuba nokwenzeka kwenkqubo yokusebenza ekhankanywe ngasentla kuya kuncitshiswa.Ngaphezu koko, xa imveliso ye-terminal isebenza kwisatifikethi se-UL, iya kuphinda ihlangabezane nemeko yokuba ingxelo yesatifikethi yamacandelo angaphakathi asetyenzisiweyo aphantsi koxinzelelo ayifakiwe kuvavanyo lwesicelo sendalo emanzi, kwaye uvavanyo olongezelelweyo luyafuneka.

Siyaziqonda iimfuno zabathengi kwaye sizimisele ukunceda abathengi baxazulule iintlungu ezifunyenwe ekusebenzeni kwangempela.I-UL iqalise isicwangciso sohlaziyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-1449.

Iimfuno zovavanyo ezihambelanayo zongezwa kumgangatho

Umgangatho we-UL 1449 usanda kongeza iimfuno zovavanyo lweemveliso kwiindawo ezifumileyo.Abavelisi banokukhetha ukongeza olu vavanyo lutsha kwimeko yovavanyo ngelixa befaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso se-UL.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, uvavanyo lwesicelo sendawo emanzi ikakhulu yamkela ubushushu obungaguqukiyo kunye novavanyo lokufuma.Oku kulandelayo kuchaza inkqubo yovavanyo yokuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwe-Varistor (MOV)/I-Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) kwizicelo zokusingqongileyo ezimanzi:

Iisampulu zovavanyo ziya kuqala kuvavanyo lokuguga phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zokufuma okuphezulu kwiiyure ze-1000, kwaye emva koko i-varistor voltage ye-varistor okanye i-voltage yokuqhekeka kwetyhubhu yokukhupha igesi iya kuthelekiswa nokuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokhuselo lokutya. gqibela ixesha elide Kwindawo efumileyo, isagcina ukusebenza kwayo kwasekuqaleni kokukhusela.